Step 2: Sauté the Onions
Heat ghee or oil in a heavy-bottomed handi or pot over medium heat.
Add the thinly sliced onions and sauté until they turn golden brown and caramelized.
This step is crucial for the biryani's flavor.
Remove half of the fried onions and set aside for garnish.
Step 3: Add Whole Spices and Ginger-Garlic Paste
To the remaining onions in the pot, add all the whole spices (bay leaves, green cardamom, black cardamom, cloves, cinnamon stick, and cumin seeds).
Sauté for a minute until fragrant.
Then, add the ginger-garlic paste and cook for another minute until the raw smell disappears.
Step 4: Cook the Mushrooms and Tomatoes
Add the sliced mushrooms to the pot and cook until they release their water and start to shrink. Then, add the chopped tomatoes and cook until they soften and the oil starts to separate from the mixture.
Step 5: Add Powdered Spices and Curd
Stir in all the powdered spices: turmeric powder, red chili powder, coriander powder, garam masala, and biryani masala (if using).
Cook for 2-3 minutes, stirring constantly, to toast the spices.
Reduce the heat to low, then add the whisked curd and mix well.
Cook for another 5 minutes, ensuring the curd doesn't curdle.
Step 6: Add Rice and Water
Gently add the drained, soaked Basmati rice to the mushroom gravy. Pour in 3 and half cups of hot water (the water-to-rice ratio is crucial for Handi Biryani).
Add salt to taste, making sure the water is slightly saltier than desired, as the rice will absorb the flavor. Gently stir once to combine everything without breaking the rice grains.
Step 7: The "Dum" Cooking Process
Bring the mixture to a boil. Once it starts boiling, reduce the heat to the absolute lowest setting.
Sprinkle a handful of chopped fresh mint and coriander leaves on top.
Cover the handi tightly with a lid. If you are using a traditional handi, you can seal the edges with a simple wheat dough (called 'dum') to trap the steam.
Step 8: Cook on Dum
Allow the biryani to cook undisturbed on this low heat for 15-20 minutes.
The steam trapped inside will cook the rice perfectly and allow the flavors to merge.
Do not lift the lid during this time.
The key to a perfect biryani is patience! If your pot isn't very heavy-bottomed, you can place a flat griddle (tava) underneath the handi to prevent the rice from burning.
Step 9: Rest and Garnish
After 15-20 minutes, turn off the heat but keep the biryani covered for another 10 minutes.
This resting period is essential for the grains to separate and become fluffy.
Finally, remove the lid. Gently fluff the rice using a fork, moving from the bottom to the top to mix the rice and mushroom layers.
Garnish generously with the reserved caramelized onions, fresh coriander, and mint leaves.
Serving Suggestions
Your beautiful Mushroom Handi Biryani is ready to be served!
It is a complete meal in itself, but it tastes magnificent when paired with:
Raita: A cool and refreshing cucumber or onion raita (yogurt mixed with grated vegetables and mild spices).
Mirchi ka Salan: A spicy, tangy curry made with green chilies, often served alongside Biryani.
Sliced Onion and Lemon: For a sharp, fresh crunch.
Enjoy this aromatic and satisfying dish!
Tips for Perfect Biryani
Use Good Quality Rice: Basmati rice is essential for biryani; its aroma and length contribute significantly to the dish.
Soaking is Key: Soaking ensures the rice cooks through without becoming mushy.
Don't Over-Stir: Once the rice is in the pot, stir it minimally to prevent the grains from breaking.
Tasting the Water: Always ensure the cooking water (Step 6) is slightly salty, as this will result in perfectly seasoned rice.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Can I make this biryani without a handi?
Yes, you can use any thick-bottomed pot or kadhai.
2. Can I add vegetables along with mushrooms?
Yes! Peas, carrots, or paneer make great additions.
3. How to make the biryani more flavorful?
Use ghee, freshly ground spices, and fried onions for rich aroma.
4. Can I make Mushroom Handi Biryani vegan?
Yes. Replace curd and cream with cashew paste and use oil instead of ghee.